Endocrine Abstracts

Objectives: Endothelial cells (ECs) have major role in post-ischemic angiogenesis. EZH2 (enhancer of zest homology) carries out trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone3 (H3K27me3) – repressive mark, thus modulating gene expression. We tested if the EZH2 inhibitor 3-deazaneplanocin (DZNep) regulates angiogenesis under hypoxia and limb ischemia (LI) in vivo in ECs and mouse limb muscles respectively.Methods: Human umbilical vein ECs...

Background: The anti-hyperglycemic effects of thiazolidinedione/biguanide combination therapy are well established. However, the impact of such therapy on other clinical risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been extensively reported.Objective: To evaluate the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of pioglitazone (PIO) and rosiglitazone (ROSI) used in combination with metformin (MET) in patients with type 2 diabetes, a multicenter, retrospective, r...

Background: The anti-hyperglycemic effects of thiazolidinedione/biguanide combination therapy are well established. However, the impact of such therapy on other clinical risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been extensively reported.Objective: To evaluate the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of pioglitazone (PIO) and rosiglitazone (ROSI) used in combination with metformin (MET) in patients with type 2 diabetes, a multicenter, retrospective, r...

Risk of cardiovascular disease is higher for patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia. Known risk factors include elevated triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL, and low HDL. The log(TG: HDL), known as Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), is inversely correlated with LDL particle size (r=-0.78) and provides another marker of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Low-risk CHD cohorts have negative AIP values; high-risk cohorts have positive values. Patients with type 2 diab...

Introduction: Dopamine agonists are the first line treatment for prolactinomas. However, some patients may develop dopamine-agonist-resistant hyperprolactinemia, leading to surgery and/or radiotherapy. The persistence of hypogonadism requires testosterone replacement therapy which could theoretically reduce the efficacy of dopamine agonists due to the conversion of testosterone to estradiol, thus, in turn, increasing the resistance to dopamine agonists. Consequently, in these ...

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a disease with an indolent course, excellent overall prognosis and long-term survival. However, some PTCs are associated with an increased risk of recurrent disease and aggressive behaviour. Many exogenous factors, as obesity, could be implicated in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer but the biological mechanisms that may explain this connection have been only partially described. Potentially factors that combine overweight with th...

About 50% of women have nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. In about 35% of women who have these symptoms, nausea and vomiting are clinically significant, worsening their living conditions and consisting in a case of gender gap. The severe form, hyperemesis gravidarum, ranges from 0.3 to 1.0% of cases and is characterized by persistent vomiting, gestational thyrotoxicosis, weight loss of more than 5%, ketonuria, hypokalemia and dehydration, although the pathophysiological me...

Aim: IFNα is a key regulator of the initial dialogue between pancreatic β-cells and the immune system in type 1 diabetes (T1D). IFNα induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, insulitis and a massive HLA-ABC overexpression in human β-cells, three histological hallmarks of T1D. Against this background we investigated the global role of IFNα on iPSC-derived islet-like cells, used here to mimic islet cells in the early neonatal period when autoimmunity ag...

Background and aims: Wolfram syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive orphan disease. The clinical manifestations are young onset diabetes, optic nerve atrophy and deafness. Most Wolfram patients carry mutations in WFS1. WFS1 deficiency results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to neurodegeneration and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs and the cAMP inducer forskolin have been shown to protect β-cells f...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that repress protein production post-transcriptionally. MiRNAs play crucial roles in metabolism, endocrine cells development and in processes altered in T2D, such as insulin secretion. MiR-125b controls proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of various cell types, although its role in β-cells remains unclear. Recent studies show an association between high levels of circulating miR-125b and hyperglycaemia (HbA1c) in predi...